Tuesday, January 30, 2007

South Africa: HIV now spreading fastest among rich and educated

Health-e (Cape Town)
January 30, 2007
Khopotso Bodibe

Startling new evidence from a three-year survey shows that HIV is now growing fastest among those who are wealthier and educated.
"Our belief that HIV is a disease of the impoverished, the unemployed, the uneducated is actually wrong," says Professor Carel van Aardt, Director of Research at UNISA's Bureau of Market Research.

"It seems that the most rapid growth at the moment is among the educated, among the employed, among the people with higher incomes, and also the people in high class in society.

"And it's putting really at risk also, a very substantial part of the growing black diamond class in South Africa, which is very necessary for future economic development and we're also seeing a very high growth among the white group that was for a long time believed not to be so heavily affected by HIV/AIDS.

Van Aardt described the current trend as a "third epidemic", following after the first HIV infections, which were mainly confined to gay men, and the second, which predominantl affected poor heterosexuals.

Data gathered over the research period shows a consistent rise in HIV infections among professionals and people in permanent employment.

In 2002, an estimated 6.2% of professional people were HIV-positive. By 2004, had increased to 8.3% -- an increase of 34%.

HIV infection among full-time employees has increased from about 14.1 % in 2002 to about 19.2 % by 2005 - a 36% increase.

Van Aardt says that there has also been an HIV increase of almost 40% among the economic elite - "the drivers of the economy in terms of also their household expenditure". The HIV rate among this group is 8.5%. (...)

To read the article, click here

Monday, January 29, 2007

Perceptions of Africa: A Dialogue

Three evenings of talks, discussion, and reflection relating to Africa, AIDS, and Representation of Africa by the West

Thursday, March 8 – Saturday, March 10, 2007
UBC Museum of Anthropology
6393 N.W. Marine Drive, Vancouver, B.C.

Distinguished speakers include:
Dr. Julio Montaner, Director of the BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS
Michael Gondwe and Aaron Maluwa, AIDS Educators from Malawi
Dr. Handel Wright, Canada Research Chair in Comparative Cultural Studies

Tickets $9 per evening or $20 for the 3-evening series; students $7 per evening or $15 for series.

To pre-register call 604.822.5087. For details (including speakers’ profiles) call 604.822.5978 or visit www.moa.ubc.ca.

The African continent, rich in diversity, culture, and complexity, is often viewed in a context of despair and desperation that excludes the other multifaceted realities that exist in a continent of over fifty countries. Through this Dialogue, we will review some of the ways in which African countries are represented in the west, look at ways in which African countries are finding their own solutions in addressing AIDS, and create a forum where the public can participate in reviewing, responding to, and reflecting on these themes.

"Perceptions of Africa" is the second in the Museum's annual Global Dialogue series, and is presented in conjunction with the exhibition The Village is Tilting: Dancing AIDS in Malawi," opening on February 6, 2007.

Thursday, March 8, 7:00-9:00 pm – Representations of Africa
Keynote address: Dr. Handel Wright - Is This An African I See Before Me?; Speakers: Manu Kabahizi (Africa: the Continent); Towela Magai (The Problem with Compassion: Searching for African Solutions); Maureen Mogambi (Africa versus ‘Africa’: A Challenge to Perceptions of Africa); Sanya Pleshakov (Coming into Focus: A Canadian's Personal Perspective on Malawi).

Friday, March 9, 7:00-9:00 pm – African Agency, Local Initiatives, and AIDS
Keynote address: Michael Gondwe and Aaron Maluwa (Museums as Agents of Change: HIV/AIDS and Malaria education in Malawi); Juliet Tembe (Countering stigmatizing discourses on HIV/AIDS in Uganda); Douglas Curran (Other Reasons for Dying).

Saturday March 10, 3:00 -5:00 pm – Canada Responds, Reflects, Engages
Keynote address: Dr. Julio Montaner (Expanding AIDS Treatment as a Strategy to Curb the Growth of the HIV Epidemic Here and Abroad); Ishi Dinim (Filming Canadian AIDS Initiatives in Malawi). A reception will follow the discussion.

New issue of AIDS Patient Care and STDs, Vol. 20, no 12

In this issue:
Case Report: Aminotransferase Elevation in HIV/Hepatitis B Virus Co-infected Patients Treated with Two Active Hepatitis B Virus Drugs.
pp. 817-822.
Abstract

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Presenting as Sinusitis with Inflammatory Pseudotumor in an HIV-Infected Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
pp.823-828.
Abstract

Reconstructive Treatment for Antiretroviral-Associated Facial Lipoatrophy: A Prospective Study Comparing Autologous Fat and Synthetic Substances
pp. 829-837.
Abstract

High-Risk Groups for Late Diagnosis of HIV Infection: A Need for Rethinking Testing Policy in the General Population
pp. 838-847.
Abstract

Individual Variability in Barriers Affecting People's Decision to Take HAART: A Qualitative Study Identifying Barriers to Being on HAART
pp. 848-857.
Abstract

Systematic Development of a Self-Help and Motivational Enhancement Intervention to Promote Sexual Health in HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex with Men
pp. 858-875.
Abstract

The Cost of Care for Patients with HIV from the Provider Economic Perspective
pp. 876-886.
Abstract

Contact us for copies of articles. Please limit your requests to 5 articles

Friday, January 26, 2007

New AmfAR Research Grants Aim To Advance Understanding And Prevention Of Rectal HIV Transmission

Source: Medical News Today

"amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, has awarded nearly $1 million for eight new research grants and fellowships aimed at increasing understanding and prevention of rectal HIV transmission, Dr. Rowena Johnston, amfAR's vice president of research announced today.

"Twenty-five years after the first identification of AIDS, the taboos that surround an open discussion of sexual behavior are still haunting us in our efforts to contain this pandemic" said Dr. Johnston. "It is time for us to take an honest and unflinching look at how HIV is spread and how to minimize the risks. This new research should help us to further untangle this riddle."

Sexual transmission accounts for the majority of HIV infections both in the United States and around the world, but how much of that transmission is due to anal intercourse remains unclear.

Although not often acknowledged, many heterosexual couples engage in anal intercourse and may not be aware that they are placing themselves at high risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections, Dr. Johnston said. In South Africa, a country with one of the highest rates of HIV infection in the world, little is known about the extent to which the virus is spread by anal intercourse. Dr. Joanne Mantell, a researcher at the Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene in New York, will use amfAR funding to gain insight into the frequency of anal intercourse in South Africa among heterosexuals and the circumstances under which it occurs.

Others, such as Drs. Charlene Dezutti of Magee-Women's Research Institute and Foundation in Pittsburgh and Craig Hendrix of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Baltimore, will strive to understand the interactions between the virus and the cells in the rectum and colon that can tip the scale towards the establishment of infection.

Understanding the extent to which anal intercourse spreads HIV infection will become increasingly important as researchers race to devise microbicides, which may be effective only when used vaginally. Findings made by these new amfAR researchers will contribute to the development of prevention technologies that can also be used by those engaging in anal intercourse."

Click here to see the recipents of this $1 million (US) round of funding, and their projects.

New Drugs Awaiting Discovery In Chinese Herbs?

The first large-scale computer screenings of Chinese herbs -- commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine -- has revealed a wide variety of compounds with potential for use in treating HIV/AIDS, cancer, Alzheimer's Disease, arthritis and other diseases, according to scientists in London.

In an article scheduled for the March 26 issue of the ACS' Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, a bi-monthly publication, David J. Barlow and colleagues note that such in silico research is becoming increasingly effective in identifying promising compounds that could be candidates for drug development. In silico ("in silicon") means research done on computers or via computer simulation and has joined the in vivo and in vitro experiments traditionally used in the life sciences.

The researchers screened a database of chemical structures of Chinese herbal constituents from 240 species of plants for possible activity against various diseases. About 62 percent of the species were found to contain chemicals with characteristics required for activity against at least one disease and 53 percent against two or more diseases. The study also describes corroborative evidence from the scientific literature that supported many of the computer predictions. In a companion article in the journal, the researchers describe the herbal databases.
Source: Medical News Today

Thursday, January 25, 2007

Children and AIDS: a stocktaking report

UNICEF report shows mixed HIV/AIDS response in Southern Africa

Some countries made progress in protecting and supporting women and children affected by HIV/AIDS during 2006 but huge gaps remained, the UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) warned in a new report this week.

In its 'Children and AIDS: A Stocktaking Report', the agency charged that the overall global response was still "tragically insufficient".

Although acknowledging that the demand for antiretroviral (ARV) drugs continued to outstrip supply in most instances, Festo Kavishe, the UNICEF Country Representative for Zimbabwe, told IRIN/PlusNews that most nations had made notable breakthroughs.

To counter the global threat, at least 20 countries in sub-Saharan Africa had completed national plans of action for the benefit of orphans and vulnerable children, and several others were not far behind.

"For instance, behaviour change [in Zimbabwe] has translated into a decline in HIV prevalence, and we have secured donor funds to implement a national plan of action for orphans and vulnerable children (OVC), and also a scaled-up response to prevention, treatment and care," he said.

Kavishe stressed that without ongoing strong leadership, commitment by all stakeholders and decisive action, the past year's gains might be lost. "The first generation affected by the AIDS epidemic has borne ... [the] brunt; we must ensure that the next generation is better prepared to deal with the challenge." (...)

Read the article at : AIDS Channel(http://www.aidschannel.org/article/view/83939/1/)
A copy of the report is available in the library.

Wednesday, January 24, 2007

Young women 'complacent over HIV'

BBC News

Seven out of 10 young women do not believe they are at any risk of being infected with HIV, a survey has found. The poll, commissioned by The Body Shop and MTV, also found 92% do not think a condom is an essential handbag item on a night out.

Two-thirds of the 1,064 women aged 16 to 30 surveyed thought it would spoil their chances of having sex. But campaigners warn that complacency about HIV is hindering efforts to curb the spread of disease.

Worldwide figures show that more than half of the 4.3 million people newly diagnosed with HIV last year were under the age of 24. The Health Protection Agency estimates around 63,500 UK adults were living with HIV in 2005 - with as many as a third unaware of their infection...

Read the article

Tuesday, January 23, 2007

New book: Preventing HIV

Cairns, Gus (ed.).
Preventing HIV.
London, NAM, 2006
Call number: G 100 CAI 2006 (Click on call number to borrow this book!)
This book covers the most up to date evidence on preventing HIV infection:
Through safer sex
Through behaviour change
Using antiretroviral drugs
Through HIV testing
Which HIV prevention methods work best?
It also brings readers up to date on future technologies, including microbicides, pre-exposure prophylaxis, HIV vaccines.
Preventing HIV is a companion to the AIDS Reference manual, also available in the library.

Selenium supplements may contribute to reduced HIV viral load

Taking daily selenium supplements appears to increase the level of the essential mineral in the blood and may suppress the progression of viral load in patients with HIV infection, according to an article in the January 22 issue of Archives of Internal Medicine, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
Advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART) have given HIV patients a longer life expectancy, according to background information in the article. However, strict adherence to the therapy is required to keep HIV viral counts low, and there is a risk of toxic effects and metabolic dysfunction. "Thus, complete control of HIV over time using ART is unlikely, and pharmacotherapeutic limitations leave a significant void in the treatment arsenal," the authors write. Selenium deficiencies have been observed in patients with HIV spectrum disease and evidence suggests that selenium supplements can improve immune functioning...
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/01/070122183124.htm

Thursday, January 18, 2007

New book : My pet virus

Decker, S.
My pet virus : The true story of a rebel without a cure.
New York, Penguin, 2006
Call number: F 200 DEC 2006 (Click on call number to borrow this book!)
"Decker, a hemophiliac, learned at age 11 that he was HIV-positive. In his candid, raucous memoir, he recounts what it meant to grow up with his "pet virus" in the 1980s and 1990s. There's plenty of self-deprecation and no self-pity as he describes his first girlfriends and sexual encounters; the experience of meeting his favorite band, Depeche Mode, through the Make-a-Wish Foundation; and the process of gaining the confidence to "come out" and talk about his disease publicly, ultimately finding a career as a writer and speaker. Throughout, he's clear about his family's unwavering support and tough love ("Don't complain. The person a few rooms over may be taking a dirt nap tonight," his mother, who shares his dark humor, calmly remarks in the hospital); and his growing relationship with Gwen, the HIV-negative young woman who becomes his wife, is particularly poignant. There are too-few memoirs about living with AIDS, and this hilarious, outspoken, and vibrant story will instruct and inspire its readers."

Tuesday, January 16, 2007

New Issue of Journal of HIV/AIDS & Social Services, Vol. 5, no 3/4

Voices Heard, Lessons Learned: Progress and Evolving Challenges for Practice, Research, and Policy
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?ID=94861

Gay Men Living with HIV/AIDS: The Potential for Empowerment
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?ID=94862

Empowerment: The Evolving Nature of the Relationship Between HIV/AIDS Patients and Their Physicians
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?ID=94863

"Wearing Two Hats": Work-Related Needs of HIV-Seropositive Women Working in the HIV Field
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?ID=94864

Facilitators and Barriers to Care for Haitian Americans with HIV or AIDS
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?ID=94865

Thai Women's Experiences with HIV/AIDS: Perspectives on Coping
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?ID=94866

BOOK REVIEWS
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?ID=94867

Continuing to Provide and Fund a Mix of Ryan White Title I HIV/AIDS Services: Support from "The Voices of Experience" Needs Surveys in Massachusetts
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?ID=94868

Informal Social Support for HIV Medical Care
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?ID=94869

Organizational Correlates of Specialized Substance Abuse Treatment Provision to Seropositive Clients: A Political Economy Perspective
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?ID=94870

Social Service Delivery Preferences Among African American Women Who Use Crack Cocaine:
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?ID=94871

The Case for an Integrated Approach to HIV/AIDS Prevention: Support and Treatment Services in Canada
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?ID=94872

Development of a Community-Based Participatory Research Effort to Evaluate Conventional HIV Testing (CHT) and HIV Rapid Testing (HRT)
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?ID=94873

HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Perceptions Among African American Male and Female College Students at a Historical Black University
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?ID=94874

Contact us for copies!

Monday, January 15, 2007

New book in the library : The Geometry of care

Indyk, Debbie (Ed.).
The geometry of care : linking resources, research and community to reduce degrees of separation between HIV treatment and prevention.
Bionghamton, NY, The Haworth Press, 2006
Call number: D 800 IND 2006 (Click on call number to borrow this book!)
"An effective strategy to deal with the AIDS epidemic is to have a wide range of scientists, clinicians, front-line workers, and clients distribute theory, care, and resource knowledge geometrically through all levels. The Geometry of Care: Linking Resources, Research, and Community to Reduce Degrees of Separation Between HIV Treatment and Prevention shows how to link bottom-up and top-down approaches to advance care, services, resources, training, theory, and policy analysis. Leading authorities draw upon behavioral and organizational theory to discuss the development of the frameworks necessary to effectively disseminate knowledge to benefit those needing care and to protect the community from further risk."

Thursday, January 11, 2007

List of new acquisitions

The library publishes a monthly list of new acquisitions: books, videos, and a selection of journal articles on various topics. Whenever a document is available online, links are provided to make it easier for you to access the resource.

Print copies are available in the library. If you want to receive the list by email, it's easy! Just call us at 604-893-2248 or send an email to library@aidsvancouver.org.

Wednesday, January 10, 2007

Website of the week

WAVE: Women and AIDS Virtual Education
http://www.pwn-wave.ca/

WAVE is a website "where women with HIV and their HIV care providers will find support, information and education. WAVE is provided by Positive Women's Network in Vancouver, Canada and offers women with HIV who are newly diagnosed a special section with common immediate concerns.
WAVE offers women living with HIV an opportunity to access support and education, and to develop a community without having to leave their homes or risk disclosure. It provides an immediate response to the issues women face around HIV in a manner that is women-centred, relevant and reliable."

Monday, January 08, 2007

New HIV Test May Predict Drug Resistance

January 07, 2007
DURHAM, N.C. -- Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have developed a highly sensitive test for identifying which drug-resistant strains of HIV are harbored in a patient's bloodstream.

The test may provide physicians with a tool to guide patient treatment by predicting if a patient is likely to become resistant to a particular HIV drug, said one of its developers, Feng Gao, M.D., associate professor of medicine. Drug resistance is one of the most common reasons why therapy for HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, fails.

The test, which detects genetic changes, or mutations, in HIV, also may help scientists understand how the constantly evolving virus develops drug resistance, Gao said. He said such knowledge ultimately may result in the development of new treatments designed to evade resistance.

The findings will appear online on Sunday, Jan. 7, 2007, in the journal Nature Methods, as well as in the journal's February 2007 print edition. The work was supported by the National Institutes of Health and the Duke Center for AIDS Research.

To read the article, click here.